Hose.



No. 652,299. Patented June 26, I900. F. C. SMITH.

HOSE.

(Application filed Mar. 12, 1900.) '(No Model.)

/ i i I w V V --A\/ Witnesses: M C Inventor W V W 8 w Attorney mz NORRISPUELNS 0a.. mm'wuma. WASHINGTON. DV 0 UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

FRANK 0. SMITH, OF DELAIVARE, OHIO.

HOSE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 652,299, dated June 26,1900. Application filed March 12, 1900. Serial No. 8,309. (No model.)

To on whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK 0. SMITH, a citi zen of the United States,residing at Delaware, Delaware county, Ohio, (post-ofiice address, No.78 Lincoln avenue, Delaware,0hio,) have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hose, of which the following is a specification.

This invention, pertaining to improvements in'hose, will be readilyunderstood from the following description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pieceof airbrake hose exemplifying my invention, portions of the severalmembers of the structure being successively removed to show theconstruction; and Fig. 2, a face view of a fabric member, illustrating amodification of the construction.

Air-brake hose is subjected to very peculiar duty, and numerous attemptshave been made to satisfy the exacting conditions of airbrake use, inwhich the requirements are strength, flexibility, and durability.Ordinary hose, no matter how strong it may be, is quite unsatisfactoryfor air-brake purposes on account of its lack of flexibility, and whenimprovements in construction have resulted in the desireddegree offlexibility there is too often a serious sacrifice of strength anddurability. Air-brake hose is tested by being put into a kinking-machineand subjected to a great number of fiexations. Hose of great strength;but involving square-woven canvas as the strengthening element, may giveout after a short test in the kinking-machine. Hose having its fabric ofdiagonal weave may stand a million kinks in the testing-machine and showsatisfactory flexibility; but there is a lack of tangential strength,and such hose may enlarge a quarter of an inch or more in diameter whensubjected for hours to the heavy pressures of practice. If an attempt bemade to secure the desired tangential strength bya circumferentialwinding of the inner rubter tube, in conjunction with the diagonalwovenfabric, the strength and flexibility are satisfactory, but thedurability test fails, owing to the cutting of the rubber tube by thecircumferential winding. If an attempt be made to guard the inner rubbertube by means of longitudinal strands, as has been proposed,

these longitudinal strands will be found to increase the difficulty, forin the bending of such a tube the strands at theexterior of the bend,being under tension, enforce the crinkling of the inner part of the bendand the slacking of the longitudinal strands at that portion of thebend, the strands at the inner portion of the bend separating andoverlapping and when the tube straightens cutting into the wrinkledsurface of the tube. In my improved hose I secure the maximum offlexibility and of strength without sacrifice of high durability.

In the drawings, ignoring Fig. 2 for the present, 1 indicates the usualrubber inner tube; 2, a jacket thereon formed of fabric with its warpand woof angular with reference to the axis of the hose, this jacketbeing either woven upon the tube or woven separately and appliedthereto; 3, a helical winding, substantially circumferential, of yarn ortape, as desired, exterior to jacket 2, the winding 3 being applied as asingle yarn or tape or as several yarns or tapes lying side by side, asdesired; 4, a second jacket, similar to jacket 2, but disposed exteriorto winding 3; and 5, the exterior jacket, preferably of rubber.

Between jacket 2 and winding 3 and again between winding 3 and jacket 4there may be applied liquid or sheet rubber to become vulcanized intothe complete structure. Circumferential winding 3 gives tangentialstrength without interfering with flexibility, each joint betweencontiguous strands of the winding constituting in effect ahinging-point, and at the same time as the strands of the windingseparate and approach during the hinging action there is no forcibleimpingement of them upon the rubber to destroy it, as would be the casewere this winding in direct contact with tube 1 or jacket 5, for in theformer case tube 1 would be destroyed by the hinging action of thewinding, and in the latter case the jacket 5 would be destroyed by thataction. In the present construction the circumferential winding isreinforced inwardly and outwardly by diagonal elements of the wovenmembers.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 the circumferential winding isgotten between inner and outer diagonal elements by disposing it as anindependent interposed member in the system. In Fig. 2 I illustrate ajacket fabric producing the same result, 6 and 7 indicating the diagonalelements of a jacket fabric, While 8 indicates the circumferential orspiral elements, the latter being disposed between the diagonalelements. Such a fabric as is illustrated in Fig. 2 when applied as ajacket results in circumferential strands separated from the innerrubber tube and outer rubber jacket by the diagonal elements of thewoven fabric.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In hose, the combination, substantially asset forth, of an inner rubber tube, an outer rubber jacket, asubstantially-circumferential winding, and diagonal fabric elementsFRANK C. SMITH.

Witnesses:

L. B. SMITH, A. L. SMITH.

